Operasi Dasar KOmputer,Gibran Hawy Akbar,ENGLISH VERSION

A.1 Turning on Computer

To turn on the computer, you can perform the following steps:

* Press the Power button or the On Computers
* The Computer akan podići do with the BIOS (Basic Input Output System) that are on the computer. If the computer has installed the operating system such as Microsoft Windows or Linux computer will then run a procedure to open the operating system installed on the computer.
* Computers that are on a network usually requires that the computer user to log in before entering the system. If you use a computer in a network and require you to log in, use the username and password have been provided.


A.2 death Computers
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After you are finished using the computer, it is not directly off the Power button directly, because it will cause damage to your computer. How to turn off the computer varies depending on the Operating System that is used. If the Operating System Microsoft Windows is used to turn off the computer can be done with the following steps:

1. Select the Start button on the taskbar
2. Press Turr Off Computer button that will display a dialog box Turn Off computer, the dialog of the city there are four options, namely:

* Stand By, This option is used to change the conditions in the computer keasaan Low-Power. Circumstances such as this make the computer in sleep or the computer does not actually die. With the computer option will consume a low electric power.
* Turn Off, the choice is used to turn off the computer. With this option changes the configuration (settings) Windows XP will be saved to dahuu.
* Restrat, this gidunakan Options to turn to the computer and then menghidupkannya again. Before you start again, change the configuration (settings) Windows XP that has been done will be saved first.

* Hibernate, can be displayed by pressing the Shift key on the Keyboard and Stand By. This option is used to end the use of Windows XP with the first store the last position of the work under way in the hard disk. If you turn on again automatically.


B. Macam-Macam Software

In general, the software used to simplify organizing the performance of hardware. With the software will reduce the human interaction on the Hardware manifold.

We can group or function based on software support for hardware. Support the hardware can be described in the diagram below:

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Seen from the picture below there is a direct hardware software operating system. Operating system software that make this relationship with the hardware directly. Hardware that operates without the operating system will have a limited operation and can not be in use for menjalasnkan software applications.

Based on its function, the software is divided into seven, namely:

1. Operating System
2. Program Applications
3. Programming Languages
4. Program Helps
5. Program Package
6. Games Program
7. Multimedia Program


1. SYSTEM OPERATION
System operasimerupakan main programs that interact directly with the language is known by the engine computer (machine language). The use of processor, memory, hard drives and other components are set by the operating system.
Sample Operating System:

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* Microsoft Products: Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows ME, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows NT (for networks).
* Products Novels: Linux, Redhat, openSUSE, Ubuntu, Mandrake, Mandriva, etc.
* Products Apple: Macintosh
* Product IBM: DOS, UNIX


2. Program Applications
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Application program is a program that in a for a particular purpose, such as for sales in supermarkets, to manage the hospital data, to print a receipt and so forth.










3. Programming Languages
Programming language is the language used to create a computer program. with the programming language, we can set up commands to be executed by the computer so that the information or perform work in accordance with the desire.
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Programming Language levels are 4, namely:

* Low Languange Program (English Pemgrograman Lowest Level), for example, Assembly machine
* Middle Language Program (Intermediate Level Programming Language), for example, C + +
* High Language Program (High-Level Programming Languages), Pascal For example, Borland, Fotran
* 4GL (Level Programming Language to 4), for example, Visual Basic, Visual Foxpro


4. Program Helps (Utility)
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Program Helps is a program that aims to set the computer configuration, keep the computer from viruses and hacker attacks, save data and so forth. This type of program does not involve a lot of users in their use, but the work itself in accordance with the commands and functions.
Bantu example program that we know that Anti Virus, Backup, Disk Defragmenter, dsbnya.

5. Program Package
The program package is a combination of several applications in the package to be unity for a midwife to handle the work related. Sample package is the most popular Microsoft Office programs where there are said to work (Microsoft Word), to calculate the number (Microsoft Excel), Presentation To Program (Microsoft Power Point) etc..
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View from the field in the work, the program package can be divided into:
1. Office applications, such as Microsoft Office and StarOffice
2. Database application, such as oracle and SQL Server
3. Graphics applications, such as Adobe Photoshop and Corel Draw

6. Games Program
Game program is a program created to display the interactive games on the computer screen.
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An example of a game program that is already known:
a. Solitaire, is available on the Windows Accessories
b. Counter Strike, generally played in the game center
c. Kurusetra, famous as the original game made in indonesia

7. Multimedia Program
Multimedia programs include programs that play music or a song, a film or video, to capture the radio or television broadcasts and other programs.
multimedia program that is an example:
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a. Winamp, is generally used to play mp3 songs
b. JetAudio can play a variety of songs and video formats
c. RealPlayer, you can catch the broadcast radio and TV from the Internet